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The Shaybanids ((ペルシア語:سلسله شیبانیان)) were a Persianized〔''Introduction: The Turko-Persian tradition'', Robert L. Canfield, Turko-Persia in Historical Perspective, ed. Robert L. Canfield, (Cambridge University Press, 1999), 19.〕 dynasty of Turco-Mongol origin in Central Asia.〔''Shibanids'', R.D. McChesney, The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Vol. IX, ed. C. E. Bosworth, E. Van Donzel, W. P. Heinrichs AND G. Lecomte, (Brill, 1986), 428;"''SHIBANIDS, a Turco-Mongol dynasty of Central Asia, the agnatic descendants of Shiban, the fifth son of Djoci son of Cinggis Khan''".〕 They were the patrilineal descendants of Shiban, the fifth son of Jochi and grandson of Genghis Khan.〔Rene Grousset, ''The Empire of the Steppes'', transl. Naomi Walford, (Rutgers University Press, 1970), 478.〕 Until the mid-14th century, they acknowledged the authority of the descendants of Batu Khan and Orda Khan, such as Öz Beg Khan. The Shaybanid horde was converted to Islam in 1282 and gradually assumed the name of Uzbeks. At its height, the khanate included parts of modern-day Iran, Afghanistan and parts of central Asia. As the lineages of Batu and Orda died out in the course of the great civil wars of the 14th century, the Shaybanids under Abu'l-Khayr Khan declared themselves the only legitimate successors to Jochi and put forward claims to the whole of his enormous ulus, which included parts of Siberia and Kazakhstan. Their rivals were the Timurid dynasty, who claimed descent from Jochi's thirteenth son by a concubine. Several decades of strife left the Timurids in control of the Great Horde and its successor states in Europe, namely, the Khanates of Kazan, Astrakhan, and Crimea. ==Shaybanid dynasty== Under Abu'l-Khayr Khan (who led the Shaybanids from 1428 to 1468), the dynasty began consolidating disparate Uzbek tribes, first in the area around Tyumen and the Tura River and then down into the Syr Darya region. His grandson Muhammad Shaybani (ruled 1500-10), who gave his name to the Shaybanid dynasty, conquered Samarkand, Herat,〔 Balkh〔 and Bukhara,〔 thus ending the Timurid dynasty and establishing the short-lived Shaybanid Empire.〔Svat Soucek, ''A History of Inner Asia'', (Cambridge University Press, 2000), 149.〕 After his death at the hands of Shah Ismail I, he was followed successively by an uncle, a cousin, and a brother, whose Shaybanid descendants would rule the Khanate of Bukhara from 1505 until 1598 and the Khanate of Khwarezm (Khiva) from 1511 until 1695. In 1506 Sheibani Khan captured Balkh. On 28 May 1507 Sheibani Khan took Herat and the power of Tamerlane was overthrown. He managed to capture most of the Mawarannahr and Khorasan and to create a unified state. In Herat artist Behzad painted his portrait, which has been preserved to this day. Now it is stored in the Metropolitan Museum in New York. In 1508 Sheibani Khan subjugated other cities of Khorasan: Damghan, Astrabad, Mashhad, etc. By 1508, the Sheibani Khan became the supreme ruler of a vast area stretching from the shores of the Syr Darya in the north to Kandahar in the south and the Caspian Sea in the west to the borders of China to the east. Another state ruled by the Shaybanids was the Khanate of Sibir, seizing the throne in 1563. Its last khan, Kuchum, was deposed by the Russians in 1598. He escaped to Bukhara, but his sons and grandsons were taken by the Tsar to Moscow, where they eventually assumed the surname of Sibirsky. Apart from this famous branch, several other noble families from Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan (e.g., Princes Valikhanov) petitioned the Russian imperial authorities to recognise their Shaybanid roots, but mostly in vain. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Shaybanids」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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